Surrounded by dense forests on three sides and set amidst the magnificent valley formed by the Neris and Vilnia rivers, Vilnius stands like a baroque sentinel on the rugged landscape of Lithuania. Founded in 1323, unlike Tallinn or Riga Vilnius is not a Germanic city, so enjoys a tangibly different culture to its neighbours. Lithuania has also experienced great turmoil over previous centuries, having been occupied by Germany, Poland and the Soviet Union in recent history.

And it is in Vilnius that the country's history and culture are most evidently displayed. Visitors to Vilnius should start in the old quarter, where the narrow cobblestone streets, fine sculptures and grand houses add to the city's historical authenticity. Walking around its maze of streets visitors can go from the 14th century to the 20th in the blink of an eye, depending what street is taken.

Virtually all major architectural styles are represented in Vilnius, but the city is overwhelmingly baroque in design. At the heart of the city can be found the spectacular Gediminas Square, dominated by the Cathedral built in the Classical style.

Meanwhile the Gothic St Ann's Church and the St Peter and St Paul's Church, which houses the body of St Casimieras, one of Lithuania's most revered dukes, are also worth visiting. Visitors to Vilnius should also see the historic University of Vilnius, which is among the oldest in Central Europe. However, for the finest views in the city visitors should climb the tower of Gediminas Castle, where spectacular panoramic views of the entire city can be had.

But while Vilnius is indeed a wonderful city to visit, travellers may be keen to explore the surrounding area. Anyone wishing to do so should consider hiring a car as public transport can be haphazard. Trakai, the ancient capital of Lithuania, lies about 18 miles from Vilnius on the shore of the picturesque Lake Galve. The city boasts a 14th century castle, while guests can also take boat rides on the lake.

Kaunas meanwhile is Lithuania's second city, lying to the west of the capital. It is in Kaunas that most of Lithuania's museums are located, such as the Museum of Devil's Sculptures and a memorial to those who suffered during the Nazi occupation. However, the most famous museum is dedicated to the works of the Lithuanian painter Ciurlionis.

Other places worth visiting in Lithuania include the popular seaside resorts of Palanga and Kursiu Nerija, famous for their clean white sand beaches, natural sand dunes and pine forests. Visitors looking for the new Prague will be disappointed that Vilnius has not yet embraced the swings and roundabouts of mass tourism. The city has retained its unique identity, drawn from its Eastern European, Scandinavian and Russian heritage. Nevertheless the beauty of the city combined with Lithuanian's natural friendliness and generosity make Vilnius a truly wonderful city.

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